Try our Macro Magic course to become an expert in macro photography! This lets you take breathtaking photos of really small creatures and objects too. The magnification ratio refers to the size of the subject appearing on the sensor of the camera, and the size of it in real life. That’s why you can get your lens close to that little ant.Ī macro lens can produce a magnification ratio of 1:1 or even higher. The near point is the closest point to the lens where the subject is still sharp. Macro lenses are telephoto lenses with a really close near point. This type of lens is designed specifically for closeup images.Īre you looking to photograph insects, flowers, or something more abstract? Then this is one of the most important camera terms to know. They are often lighter and have better quality than zoom lenses. Different fields of photography require different prime lenses. A prime lens is a fixed lens unable to zoom in or out, forcing you to zoom with your feet.īasically, it means that you can’t change the focal length of a prime lens.
Prime LensĪs we looked at above, you have the choice of two different lenses. Also, these are not operating with as fast f/stop values as prime lenses. This allows you to change perspective easily.Īlthough these are more versatile, they often have limited sharpness due to needing more mechanisms inside the lens. A zoom and a prime lens.Ī zoom lens is a variable-length lens, which means that you can change the focal length of it. For more information on this, see our Full Frame vs Crop Sensor article. This number is magnified when using a cropped sensor. This is one of the main parameters which marks and groups the lenses. It determines the angle of view and magnification in photography. A 35mm lens has a distance of 3.5cm between the focal point and the principal plane of the lens. This number is expressed in mm and written on the outside of the lens. The distance between the principal plane of a lens and the focal point is the focal length. Lenses have a point where light rays converge and we call it the focal point. This is why lenses with lower f-numbers are more expensive. Generally, lower f-numbers mean better low-light capacity. More light passes and the depth of field gets shallower.
As the number decreases, the aperture physically gets wider. We write it as “f/” followed by a number (for example, f/2.8). The f-number (or f-stop) is the ratio of the diameter of the hole of the aperture and the focal length. The relative size of the aperture is described by the f-number. It’s an iris mechanism, which controls the amount of light that gets through the lens.
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